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KMID : 1100220070060020034
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Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders
2007 Volume.6 No. 2 p.34 ~ p.37
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Gender Differences in Risk Factor Prevalence and Cognitive Functions in Alzheimer’s Disease; Experience of Ewha Dementia Clinic
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Go Seung-Ah
Yun Ji-Young
Jeong Jee-H
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Abstract
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Background: The gender difference in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is well known but not yet systematically reviewed in Korean dementia population. Our study is a step forward for gender specific hospital cohort for development of future specific treatment plan with regard to gender difference in risk factors prevalence and cognitive functions in the patients with AD.
Method: Of total 250 Dementia Cohort from October 2002 to July 2005, 65 AD patients were reanalyzed for the study. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) and National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke-the Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Disorders Association (NINDS-ADRDA) criteria were used for clinical probable AD. All patients had thorough clinical evaluation, standard neuropsychological tests, laboratory evaluations to rule out other possible cause of dementia and a brain MRI at the time of initial evaluations. The risk factors including age, education, previous head trauma, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, heart disease, previous stroke, heavy alcohol consumption, positive family history were compared in gender groups.
Result: In 65 AD patient, 18 (27.7%) patient were male with mean ages of 75.6±7.8 and mean education levels were 7.6±4.5, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores was 19.8±5.3 and Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) was 1.4±0.8. Forty-seven (73.3%) patient were female with mean ages of 75.7±9.3 and mean education levels were 4.6 ±3.8, MMSE scores was 18±5.6 and CDR was 1.3±0.8. Mean age, MMSE scores, and CDR between genders were similar, but education levels were significantly higher in male gender (p value <0.05). Hypertension and previous stroke is related to more AD in female gender by Odd Ratio analysis (p value <0.05). But smoking, alcohol consumption were more prevalent in male patient (p value <0.05) by chi square analysis.
Conclusion: The gender difference with regard to risk factor prevalence were demonstrated in this study, but epidemiologic significance awaits further study based on population based cohort.
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KEYWORD
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Alzheimer’s disease, Gender, Risk factors
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